Unemployment is worse than in other crises, says FGV.

247 - The problem of unemployment in Brazil during the current recession, which could enter its third year, is also the period in which the unemployment rate reached its highest level in the country, at least since September 1992. According to the longest series of the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD), compiled by the Brazilian Institute of Economics of the Getulio Vargas Foundation (Ibre-FGV), the peaks of unemployment in other crises were lower: 10,9% between 1998 and 2000, 10,8% from 2002 to 2004, and 9,7% in 2009. In the quarter ending in October, the percentage of unemployed in relation to the Economically Active Population (EAP) reached 11,8%, the same level as in September.

As information They belong to Valor.

"The data prior to March 2012 - the month in which IBGE began publishing the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Contínua) - were estimated by researchers Bruno Ottoni Eloy Vaz and Tiago Cabral Barreira using the backpolation method, replicating the behavior of the current employment survey as if it had existed since 1992, based on data from the annual PNAD and the defunct Monthly Employment Survey (PME)."

To extend the PNAD Contínua series, Vaz and Barreira reconciled the methodological differences between the annual and quarterly PNAD surveys, which go beyond the size and regional distribution of the samples collected. While in the older survey, people from the age of ten are considered to be of working age, in the more recent one, this number rises to 14 years. Therefore, individuals under 14 years of age were excluded from the results of the annual PNAD.

Other changes included excluding from the old survey people who work one hour or less per week in unpaid work for their own use or consumption, as well as workers on leave. The result was a series called "Adjusted PNAD," which showed behavior quite similar to the Continuous PNAD between September 2012 and this year. Using this new series, researchers constructed a longer annual history of the Continuous PNAD, which coincides every September with the adjusted PNAD.

After the annual reconciliation, Vaz and Barreira finally used data from the defunct PME (Monthly Employment Survey) to estimate the monthly variations in the retroactively calculated PNAD Contínua (Continuous National Household Sample Survey). This process was carried out for the period from September 1992, when the unemployment rate was 7%, according to the researchers' calculations, until February 2012. In the month prior to the start of publication by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), the unemployment rate was 7,7%.